Peaceful settlement of disputes and disarmament

Abstract

In all domestic legal systems there are rules on the jurisdiction of courts to resolve disputes or disputes between members of the state community. Thanks to these rules, a legal subject can be prosecuted even against his will. As is known, there is also a fundamental distinction between civil and criminal proceedings, and unlawful acts may be submitted to a judicial body by any person who is aware of or at the initiative of the bodies responsible for the action of the law. This rule only knows the exception of arbitration, that is, when the two parties submit to a third party.
Of course, the situation of the international legal system was and is still very primitive and rudimentary because - as we know - we still lack a supranational order capable of directing international disputes. For this reason, where there are disputes between two or more international subjects, States are free to choose the means of their choice for dispute resolution.
In the old international order, it was normally accepted that States should overcome their disputes both peacefully and non-peacefully. The Hague Conventions of 1889 and 1907 contained only the call for good offices or mediation "before resorting to weapons", "to the extent circumstances permit"; so, until that point, the use of force for dispute settlement was seen as a normal means.